機器人技術早用于工業優先域，但隨著機器人技術的發展和各行業需求的提升，在計算機技術、網絡技術、MEMS技術等新技術發展的推動下，近年來，機器人技術正從傳統的工業制造優先域向醫療服務、教育娛樂、勘探勘測、生物工程、救災救援等優先域迅速擴展，適應不同優先域需求的機器人系統被深入研究和開發。
Robot technology was first used in the industrial field, but with the development of robot technology and the improvement of the needs of various industries, and driven by the development of computer technology, network technology, MEMS technology and other new technologies, in recent years, robot technology is rapidly expanding from the traditional industrial manufacturing field to the fields of medical service, education and entertainment, exploration and survey, bioengineering, disaster relief and rescue Robot systems with different requirements in different fields have been deeply researched and developed.
廣義上，機器人包括一切模擬人類行為或思想以及模擬其他生物的機械，如機器狗、機器貓等。目前，智能機器人已成為世界各國的研究熱點之一，成為衡量一國工業化水平的重要標志。
In a broad sense, robots include all the machines that simulate human behavior or thought and other creatures, such as robot dogs, robot cats, etc. At present, intelligent robot has become one of the research hotspots in the world and an important symbol to measure the industrialization level of a country.
可以說，過去幾十年，機器人技術的研究與應用，大大推動了人類的工業化和現代化進程，并逐步形成了機器人的產業鏈，使機器人的應用范圍也日趨廣泛。在機器人嶄露頭角于工業生產的同時，與機器人相關的技術研究，也在不斷深入。在這一發展歷程中，傳感器技術如影隨行，密不可分。
It can be said that in the past few decades, the research and application of robot technology has greatly promoted the process of industrialization and modernization of human beings, and gradually formed the industrial chain of robots, so that the application scope of robots has become more and more extensive. With the emergence of robots in industrial production, the technology research related to robots is also in-depth. In this development process, sensor technology is inseparable.
1961年，美國麻省理工學院Lincoln實驗室把一個配有接觸傳感器的遙控操縱器的從動部分與一臺計算機聯結在一起，這樣形成的機器人可以憑觸覺決定物體的狀態。隨后，用電視攝像頭作為輸入的計算機圖像處理、物體辨識的研究工作也陸續取得成果。1968年，美國斯坦福人工智能實驗室的J.McCarthy等人研究了新穎的課題——研制帶有手、眼、耳的計算機系統。于是，智能機器人的研究形象逐漸豐滿起來。
In 1961, the Lincoln Laboratory of Massachusetts Institute of technology linked the driven part of a remote control manipulator equipped with a contact sensor with a computer, so that the robot can determine the state of an object by its touch. Subsequently, the research work of computer image processing and object identification using TV camera as input has also made achievements. In 1968, J. McCarthy and others of Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory studied a new project, the development of computer system with hands, eyes and ears. As a result, the research image of intelligent robot is becoming more and more abundant.
20世紀70年代以來，機器人產業蓬勃興起，機器人技術發展為專門的學科。工業機器人在汽車制造業的流水